Convergence: VII. What Remains Open
The Claim
Five questions remain open in the convergence catalogue.
Definitions
FEP claims self-organizing systems minimize variational free energy. Active inference minimizes free energy through perception and action. Criticality is the boundary between order and chaos. Emergence is new regularities at higher levels of organization. Least action states nature extremizes action. Physical laws are mathematical regularities governing the universe. Necessary means derivable with no alternative. Contingent means dependent on alterable conditions. Branching is hierarchical splitting of transport networks. Fractal is a pattern repeating at every scale. Optimization is finding the best solution under constraints. Selection is differential retention of heritable variation. Teleology is directedness or purpose in nature. Lagrangian is a function describing system dynamics. Reductionism claims higher-level phenomena reduce to lower-level laws. Optimal transport is efficient allocation across a network. Scale invariance is symmetry under rescaling. Computational irreducibility means no shortcut predicts the outcome. Ansatz is an assumed starting form. WBE refers to West, Brown, and Enquist.
The Logic
- If FEP is universal, then criticality follows from FEP.
- If criticality does not follow from FEP, then FEP is not universal.
- If emergence reduces to least action, then no new principles exist at higher scales.
- If emergence requires new Lagrangians at each scale, then reductionism fails.
- If physical laws are necessary, then their constants derive from first principles.
- If physical laws are contingent, then their constants are free parameters.
- If branching is optimal transport, then geometry follows from minimization.
- If branching is fractal, then geometry follows from scale invariance.
- If selection exhausts apparent purpose, then teleology is redundant.
- If teleology has a physical mechanism, then selection is incomplete.
The Evidence
Friston et al. (2012) derived criticality from FEP. Critics contest the derivation. Effective field theory derives higher-level Lagrangians but shows computational irreducibility. String theory has ~10^500 vacua. This indicates variation, not uniqueness. Loop quantum gravity has not predicted the constants. Bejan's constructal law derives branching but assumes fractal Ansatz. WBE derive 3/4 scaling from geometry plus minimization. Selection has empirical support. Teleology has no accepted physical mechanism.
The Falsifier
Evidence, not assertion, resolves any open question. The catalogue claims to resolve questions that are open.
The Uncertainty
No evidence resolves FEP-criticality, emergence-least-action, necessity-contingency, branching-fractal, or selection-teleology.
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