---
slug: paper-deco-g-sanz-perl-i-bocaccio-h-et-al-2022-the-insideout-framework-provides-precis
title: Deco et al. 2022: INSIDEOUT framework signatures of intrinsic-extrinsic balance in brain states
canonical: https://miscsubjects.com/a/paper-deco-g-sanz-perl-i-bocaccio-h-et-al-2022-the-insideout-framework-provides-precis
---

## What the work establishes

Deco, Sanz Perl, Bocaccio et al. published the paper in Communications Biology in 2022. The study applies thermodynamic principles to brain signals. It quantifies the arrow of time through temporal asymmetry in time-shifted correlation matrices. This asymmetry measures non-reversibility and non-equilibrium. Non-equilibrium arises when extrinsic forces drive intrinsic dynamics away from detailed balance.

The framework distinguishes three brain states in electrocorticography data from non-human primates: awake, deep sleep, and anaesthesia. Awake states show higher reversibility and steeper hierarchy of dynamics across brain regions. Deep sleep and anaesthesia show lower reversibility and flatter hierarchies. These signatures reflect the balance of intrinsic and extrinsic dynamics.

The authors link the measures to levels of conscious awareness. The work positions the arrow of time as a direct quantifier of how the environment drives brain dynamics out of equilibrium.

## Exact primary passages

Abstract states: "We reformulated the problem to quantify the ‘inside out’ balance of intrinsic and extrinsic brain dynamics in brain states. ... Significantly lower levels of reversibility were found in deep sleep and anaesthesia compared to wakefulness. Non-wakeful states also showed a flatter hierarchy, reflecting the diversity of the reversibility across the brain. Overall, this provides signatures of the breaking of detailed balance in different brain states, perhaps reflecting levels of conscious awareness."

Introduction states: "We used these fundamental, theoretical insights to create the INSIDEOUT framework capable of capturing the ‘inside out’ balance of intrinsic (inside) and extrinsic (out) brain dynamics by directly estimating the arrow of time in brain signals."

Results section describes the method: "The INSIDEOUT framework was inspired by a key idea, introduced in [18], namely capturing the temporal asymmetry of a dynamical system by extracting both the forward timeseries and its time reversed version."

## Convergence patterns touched

The work touches the thermodynamics-to-mind segment of the Ladder. Energy flows in open systems produce irreversible dynamics. These dynamics yield measurable structure in large-scale brain signals. The hierarchy of reversibility across regions maps onto flow networks and scale-invariant patterns. The reader observes the system from inside it through signal recordings.

It evidences the grain: reliable thermodynamic asymmetries produce a narrow family of distinguishable brain-state patterns. Branching causal interactions and bounded non-equilibrium appear consistently.

## Distance from the full synthesis

The paper supplies mechanistic evidence for one rung of the Ladder. It stays within empirical neuroscience. It does not address the full chain from physical difference to memory to mind. It does not treat the Mirror Layer or the reader inside the system. The synthesis uses this work as supporting data for the thermodynamics step. The paper itself offers no philosophical extension.

## Honest limits and disconfirming edges

Data come from non-human primates under specific recording conditions. Generalization to humans requires further validation. The framework simplifies entropy production estimation and relies on correlation matrices at chosen time shifts. Alternative measures of non-equilibrium may yield different hierarchies. The link to conscious awareness remains correlational. The authors note it as one possible interpretation. Reductionist accounts can attribute the signatures to local circuit properties without invoking global thermodynamic driving.

## Claims

- The INSIDEOUT framework computes non-reversibility from the distance between forward and time-reversed correlation matrices. (mechanistic, source: paper abstract and results)
- Awake ECoG recordings exhibit higher reversibility than deep sleep or anaesthesia recordings. (mechanistic, source: paper abstract)
- Non-wakeful states display flatter hierarchies of reversibility across brain regions. (mechanistic, source: paper abstract)
- The method draws on the thermodynamic arrow of time to quantify extrinsic driving of intrinsic dynamics. (mechanistic, source: introduction)
- The signatures distinguish brain states and may relate to conscious awareness levels. (anecdotal, source: paper abstract)
- The approach provides a simpler alternative to direct entropy production rate calculation from signals. (mechanistic, source: introduction)

## Sources

Deco G, Sanz Perl Y, Bocaccio H, et al. The INSIDEOUT framework provides precise signatures of the balance of intrinsic and extrinsic dynamics in brain states. Commun Biol. 2022;5:572. doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03505-7. URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-022-03505-7. Quote from abstract as above. Summary: Applies thermodynamic non-reversibility to primate ECoG data across three states and reports quantitative distinctions in reversibility and hierarchy.
