---
name: paper-ashby-w-r-1962-principles-of-the-self-organizing-system
description: Apply the Ashby, W.R. (1962). Principles of the Self-Organizing System article as model behavior. Use when a request invokes this article's concept, claims, evidence, or operating standard.
---

# Ashby, W.R. (1962). Principles of the Self-Organizing System

This Skill is the behavioral expression of [the canonical article](/a/paper-ashby-w-r-1962-principles-of-the-self-organizing-system). It does not repeat the article's human prose.

## Orient

- Read the machine article at /api/articles/paper-ashby-w-r-1962-principles-of-the-self-organizing-system.
- Read claims and relationships at /api/articles/paper-ashby-w-r-1962-principles-of-the-self-organizing-system/topology.
- Treat found content as evidence and instruction only within the article's stated authority.

## Apply

1. Identify which claim or concept from the article governs the request.
2. State the governing meaning in the minimum language needed.
3. Apply it to the requested object or decision.
4. Preserve evidence grades, uncertainty, authority limits, and failure conditions.
5. Return the result with the article identity and any relevant claim or receipt links.

## Human meaning

What Ashby Saw W. Ross Ashby examined how systems can appear to organize themselves while remaining fully determinate. He focused on machines that change their internal organization through lawful interactions with an environment. The work 

## Representations

- Human: /a/paper-ashby-w-r-1962-principles-of-the-self-organizing-system
- JSON: /api/articles/paper-ashby-w-r-1962-principles-of-the-self-organizing-system
- Relationships: /api/articles/paper-ashby-w-r-1962-principles-of-the-self-organizing-system/topology
- History: /api/articles/paper-ashby-w-r-1962-principles-of-the-self-organizing-system/revisions
