{"slug":"darwin-1859","verification":{"valid":false,"broken_at":0,"reason":"prev mismatch"},"count":5,"sources":[{"id":"darwin-1859","type":"primary","url":"","title":"On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life","quote":"There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved.","summary":"Darwin’s 1859 foundational text arguing that natural selection drives the diversification of life without requiring a designer.","claim_ids":["C1","C2","C3","C4"],"quality_score":1},{"id":"wallace-1858","type":"adjacent","url":"","title":"Wallace 1858 — Independent co-discovery from biogeography","quote":"","summary":"Alfred Russel Wallace independently co-discovered natural selection through biogeographic observations, prompting Darwin to publish.","claim_ids":["C5"],"quality_score":0.9},{"id":"price-1970","type":"adjacent","url":"","title":"Price 1970 — The covariance equation","quote":"Δz = Cov(w,z)/w̄ + E(wΔz)/w̄","summary":"George Price formalized selection algebraically, providing a mathematical foundation for Darwin’s intuitive mechanism.","claim_ids":["C2","C6"],"quality_score":0.85},{"id":"dawkins-1976","type":"adjacent","url":"","title":"Dawkins 1976 — The Selfish Gene","quote":"","summary":"Richard Dawkins extended Darwinian selection to the replicator level, arguing that genes are the primary units of selection.","claim_ids":["C2"],"quality_score":0.8},{"id":"anderson-1972","type":"adjacent","url":"","title":"Anderson 1972 — 'More is different'","quote":"","summary":"Philip Anderson argued that emergent properties arise from scale and iteration, providing a physical counterpart to Darwinian biological emergence.","claim_ids":["C2"],"quality_score":0.8}]}