---
name: paper-darwin-c-1872-the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-a
description: Apply the Darwin, C. (1872). The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals article as model behavior. Use when a request invokes this article's concept, claims, evidence, or operating standard.
---

# Darwin, C. (1872). The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals

This Skill is the behavioral expression of [the canonical article](/a/paper-darwin-c-1872-the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-a). It does not repeat the article's human prose.

## Orient

- Read the machine article at /api/articles/paper-darwin-c-1872-the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-a.
- Read claims and relationships at /api/articles/paper-darwin-c-1872-the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-a/topology.
- Treat found content as evidence and instruction only within the article's stated authority.

## Apply

1. Identify which claim or concept from the article governs the request.
2. State the governing meaning in the minimum language needed.
3. Apply it to the requested object or decision.
4. Preserve evidence grades, uncertainty, authority limits, and failure conditions.
5. Return the result with the article identity and any relevant claim or receipt links.

## Human meaning

What Darwin Saw Charles Darwin observed emotional expressions across humans and animals. He documented how movements like baring teeth in anger or raising eyebrows in surprise appear in similar forms from dogs and monkeys to infants and adu

## Representations

- Human: /a/paper-darwin-c-1872-the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-a
- JSON: /api/articles/paper-darwin-c-1872-the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-a
- Relationships: /api/articles/paper-darwin-c-1872-the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-a/topology
- History: /api/articles/paper-darwin-c-1872-the-expression-of-the-emotions-in-man-and-a/revisions