---
name: paper-difrisco-j-2015-lan-vital-revisited-bergson-and-the-therm
description: Apply the DiFrisco on Bergson’s Élan Vital and the Thermodynamic Paradigm article as model behavior. Use when a request invokes this article's concept, claims, evidence, or operating standard.
---

# DiFrisco on Bergson’s Élan Vital and the Thermodynamic Paradigm

This Skill is the behavioral expression of [the canonical article](/a/paper-difrisco-j-2015-lan-vital-revisited-bergson-and-the-therm). It does not repeat the article's human prose.

## Orient

- Read the machine article at /api/articles/paper-difrisco-j-2015-lan-vital-revisited-bergson-and-the-therm.
- Read claims and relationships at /api/articles/paper-difrisco-j-2015-lan-vital-revisited-bergson-and-the-therm/topology.
- Treat found content as evidence and instruction only within the article's stated authority.

## Apply

1. Identify which claim or concept from the article governs the request.
2. State the governing meaning in the minimum language needed.
3. Apply it to the requested object or decision.
4. Preserve evidence grades, uncertainty, authority limits, and failure conditions.
5. Return the result with the article identity and any relevant claim or receipt links.

## Human meaning

What DiFrisco saw in Bergson James DiFrisco reexamined Henri Bergson’s concept of élan vital in the 2015 paper Élan Vital Revisited: Bergson and the Thermodynamic Paradigm. The received view treats élan vital as vitalism, an extra force add

## Representations

- Human: /a/paper-difrisco-j-2015-lan-vital-revisited-bergson-and-the-therm
- JSON: /api/articles/paper-difrisco-j-2015-lan-vital-revisited-bergson-and-the-therm
- Relationships: /api/articles/paper-difrisco-j-2015-lan-vital-revisited-bergson-and-the-therm/topology
- History: /api/articles/paper-difrisco-j-2015-lan-vital-revisited-bergson-and-the-therm/revisions