{"slug":"paper-lotka-a-j-1925-elements-of-physical-biology","verification":{"valid":false,"broken_at":2,"reason":"hash mismatch"},"count":4,"sources":[{"id":"s1","type":"other","url":"https://archive.org/details/elementsofphysic017171mbp","title":"Elements of Physical Biology","quote":"The author has the problem of evolution always before him, and considers analytically the effect on population of a change in the behaviour of individuals.","summary":"Full 1925 text available; covers energy transformers and population kinetics.","claim_ids":["c1","c2","c5"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-08T14:02:02.429Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"genesis","hash":"ba1f694a3ca7e9eae2b4ca771ba57c783bb676db4731bf17a1c4b68f182f603e"},{"id":"s2","type":"other","url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1512317112","title":"Alfred J. Lotka and the origins of theoretical population ecology","quote":"Lotka envisioned systems as giant machines or energy transformers... law of maximum energy flux","summary":"Kingsland 2015 review quotes and contextualizes the 1925 book and prior papers.","claim_ids":["c3","c4"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-08T14:02:02.429Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"ba1f694a3ca7e9eae2b4ca771ba57c783bb676db4731bf17a1c4b68f182f603e","hash":"f6c48272f8e4412407280d3aeaf1fb2218c9ba4142dce6ae1319d34fbede1437"},{"id":"s3","type":"other","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22486907/What_did_Lotka_really_say_A_critical_reassessment_of_the_maximum_power_principle_","title":"What did Lotka really say? A critical reassessment","quote":"Lotka explicitly referenced available energy, or exergy, as the core element of his principle","summary":"Clarifies scope and later interpretive limits.","claim_ids":["c7","c6"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-08T14:02:02.429Z","link_status":"http_403","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"f6c48272f8e4412407280d3aeaf1fb2218c9ba4142dce6ae1319d34fbede1437","hash":"ac582254d0ec497ac42688bb81693c0abd7753b31036821f9e913386d337c4a5"},{"id":"s4","type":"other","url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/book/mono/978-0-7503-3931-5/chapter/bk978-0-7503-3931-5ch3","title":"Elements of physical biology: the Lotka–Volterra equations","quote":"energy flux through the system a maximum compatible with the constraints","summary":"Confirms the principle statement and thermodynamic framing.","claim_ids":["c3","c6","c7"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-08T14:02:02.429Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"ac582254d0ec497ac42688bb81693c0abd7753b31036821f9e913386d337c4a5","hash":"5c40acd545d16b949d8cbc1ccf0c26b3ab9ede1062995e8d07dc46e15f903eb4"}]}