{"slug":"paper-marshall-s-m-et-al-2021-identifying-molecules-as-biosignatures-with-assembly-the","verification":{"valid":true,"entries":1,"head":"e6981ba7ed49d05c59f80c2fd999b2960ec2c014f2a66b8b80e716c22e98e1c1"},"count":1,"sources":[{"id":"s1","type":"other","url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-23258-x","title":"Identifying molecules as biosignatures with assembly theory and mass spectrometry","quote":"We show why complex molecules found in high abundance are universal biosignatures and demonstrate the first intrinsic experimentally tractable measure of molecular complexity, called the molecular assembly index (MA).","summary":"Primary 2021 paper defining MA and validating it as a biosignature via mass spectrometry.","claim_ids":["c1","c2","c3","c4","c5"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-08T15:01:22.243Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"verified","prev":"genesis","hash":"e6981ba7ed49d05c59f80c2fd999b2960ec2c014f2a66b8b80e716c22e98e1c1"}]}