{"slug":"school-cybernetics-general-systems-theory","verification":{"valid":true,"entries":4,"head":"1b8d8a0bb1bfcf9ef2c37339bbdeaf4423ec5ed4ca7c3778c6dab9df2627f762"},"count":4,"sources":[{"id":"s1","type":"other","url":"https://direct.mit.edu/books/oa-monograph/4581/Cybernetics-or-Control-and-Communication-in-the","title":"Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine","quote":"At the core of Wiener's theory is the message (information), sent and responded to (feedback)","summary":"1948 foundational text on feedback.","claim_ids":["c1","c4"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-07T06:46:56.404Z","link_status":"http_403","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"genesis","hash":"8063d86dbdce9034566ccad3c0cabd69d53c81dfd7b8b021b3b22e0075000c98"},{"id":"s2","type":"other","url":"https://ashby.info/Ashby-Introduction-to-Cybernetics.pdf","title":"An Introduction to Cybernetics","quote":"Only variety destroys variety.","summary":"1956 text containing law of requisite variety.","claim_ids":["c2"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-07T06:46:56.404Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"8063d86dbdce9034566ccad3c0cabd69d53c81dfd7b8b021b3b22e0075000c98","hash":"62fa6e16ff58fb13c792b6e03a45b155e35b1ed1b06fc9d0847d5fb5ceb1d5e8"},{"id":"s3","type":"other","url":"https://www.panarchy.org/vonbertalanffy/systems.1968.html","title":"General System Theory","quote":"Every living organism is essentially an open system.","summary":"1968 distinction of open systems.","claim_ids":["c3"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-07T06:46:56.404Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"verified","prev":"62fa6e16ff58fb13c792b6e03a45b155e35b1ed1b06fc9d0847d5fb5ceb1d5e8","hash":"101e0a55c032ba6fceba8faf38e70824f8d16d60a45ae4bffb643c7e63c3c0fc"},{"id":"s4","type":"other","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4610108/","title":"On the history of Ludwig von Bertalanffy's General System Theory","quote":"Bertalanffy's conceptions and ideas are compared with those developed in cybernetics","summary":"2015 historical comparison noting limits.","claim_ids":["c6"],"found_by":"grok/grok-4.3","extra":{},"accessed_at":"2026-07-07T06:46:56.404Z","link_status":"ok","quote_status":"unverified","prev":"101e0a55c032ba6fceba8faf38e70824f8d16d60a45ae4bffb643c7e63c3c0fc","hash":"1b8d8a0bb1bfcf9ef2c37339bbdeaf4423ec5ed4ca7c3778c6dab9df2627f762"}]}