Nerves can break down faster than they rebuild. In diabetic neuropathy, small fibers lose function. Signals for pain and numbness stay active because the tissue itself is not repaired. ARA-290 is studied for whether it can support regrowth
Regeneration vs degeneration — where this fits
Nerves can break down faster than they rebuild. In diabetic neuropathy, small fibers lose function. Signals for pain and numbness stay active because the tissue itself is not repaired. ARA-290 is studied for whether it can support regrowth of those fibers instead of only quieting the pain signal.
What it is
ARA-290 is an 11-amino-acid peptide. It comes from erythropoietin but does not raise red blood cells. It targets the innate repair receptor.
How it works
Step 1: The peptide binds the innate repair receptor. Step 2: Binding changes cell signaling toward protection and repair. Step 3: In models, this reduces certain inflammatory signals and supports nerve structure. Step 4: In one human trial, corneal nerve fiber density rose in the treatment arm while it stayed flat in placebo.
Why it would work (logic chain)
If the receptor drives tissue protection, then binding it should slow breakdown. If breakdown slows, then regrowth can catch up. If small-fiber density rises, then sensation and pain scores can change. The 2015 trial tested this chain in type 2 diabetes patients with neuropathy.
Why people take it
People with diabetic neuropathy or small-fiber neuropathy seek options that address nerve structure rather than only symptoms. Some read the 2015 trial and look for the same compound.
How many people take it
The ledger shows no population count. Use remains outside approved indications. Number of users is unknown.
Evidence inventory
Human controlled data: 1 source (phase 2 RCT, source s1).
The 2015 phase 2 RCT (source s1) found PainDetect scores improved more with ARA-290 than placebo. In patients with low baseline corneal nerve fiber density, density rose after 28 days in the treatment group and stayed unchanged in placebo. Metabolic measures also shifted in the treatment arm. A 2016 review (source s19) noted similar symptom and metabolic patterns in type 2 diabetes small-fiber neuropathy cases. Later reviews (sources s2, s8) list ARA-290 as an investigational agent still under study. One 2026 guide (source s9) states the trial was small and underpowered for metabolic endpoints and that no phase 3 data exist.
What people say on Reddit
Source s11: “I have diabetic neuropathy. My feet and lower legs have been numb for about 10 years. I started using ARA-290 about a month ago. The feeling in my feet is significantly returning.” Source s12: “I am almost done with a month of ara 290… My neuropathy was very bad and it has improved significantly.” Source s13: “Yesterday was by FAR the best day of the past 15 months! I walked over 14,000 steps pain free” after 8 days. Source s14: “I took 4 units daily for 8 weeks, didn’t do anything for my neuropathy!” Source s15: “14 days into ARA 290 and zero relief.” Source s20: 28-day self-experiment at 4 mg/day produced pain relief and some sensory change with no side effects reported. Source s18: Relief described as temporary; repeated courses needed and cost noted as high. These are user reports, not trial data.
What people say on X
No posts appear in the ledger.
What we do not know
It is unknown if PainDetect gains or corneal nerve fiber density changes last beyond the 28-day trial window (source s1, claims c32, c34). Mechanisms behind the metabolic shifts seen in the trial are not fully mapped (claim c37). Optimal amount and length of use are not established from the available human data (claim c41). No phase 3 trials are recorded in the ledger.
Safety and limits
The phase 2 trial reported symptom and nerve-density changes but was small. No phase 3 safety database exists in the ledger. Reddit users report mixed results and note cost. One source states the trial was underpowered for secondary metabolic endpoints. The ledger contains no population-level safety figures.
ARA290 microneedle patch modulate microglia ...“Sustained ARA290 release via microneedles promotes M2 microglia polarization and reduces neuroinflammation. • The microneedle patch effectively alleviates ...”
Peptide ARA-290“Has anyone tried the peptide ARA-290. It has clinical evidence of helping to slow or stop neuropathy and allow nerves to heal.”
Small Fiber Neuropathy and ARA-290 Results“ARA 290 is a potential therapy currently being researched for its safety and efficacy for the treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with sarcoidosis, as well as its potential for disease modification and long-term functional improvement in this condition.”
ARA-290 Peptide | Inflammation & Nerve Support“ARA-290 represents a promising therapeutic peptide with demonstrated benefits in clinical studies of diabetic neuropathy and chronic neuropathic pain.”
ARA-290 Peptide for Neuropathy and Neurodegeneration“A double-blind phase II study in patients with type 2 diabetes and painful neuropathy reported meaningful improvement in neuropathic symptom scores along with better metabolic parameters after ARA 290 treatment.”
ARA 290: A New Frontier in Pain Relief and Healing“ARA 290 is a promising new therapy with the potential for revolutionizing the treatment of nerve damage, autoimmune diseases,... Neuropathic Pain: ... Small Fiber Neuropathy: ... Protection for Eyes and Kidneys:”
ARA-290 peptide — any experience reports?“I have diabetic neuropathy. My feet and lower legs have been numb for about 10 years. I started using ARA-290 about a month ago. The feeling in my feet is signifantly returning. I am totally blown away about this.”
ARA-290 peptide — any experience reports?“I am almost done with a month of ara 290. I’m not part of a trial but I am using it. It’s not cheap. I have seen really great results. My neuropathy was very bad and it has improved significantly. I have tried almost everything and this was the most helpful by far.”
ARA290 peptide AND Rebuilder 2407 have changed my life!“I am at 8 days of the ARA290 peptide and have titrated up to the 4 mg used in the human trials. ... Yesterday was by FAR the best day of the past 15 months! I walked over 14,000 steps pain free!”
ARA-290 Disc Herniaton & Nerve Pain“UPDATE (07.06.2026) I had to take 2 days off from it as I was abroad and not able to take it with me. I was on it for less than a week and didn't notice any benefits nor side effects.”
ARA-290 for Neuropathic Pain“I am also doing ARA290 and I order it from Core Peptides... I’ve taken it it helps with pain but it’s temporary. You have to keep doing it from time to time at least and it’s expensive.”
Effectiveness of ARA-290...My Assessment“Definite benefit, although it took12 days for it to start working. ... After bumping the dosage to 8mg/day the last 2 days of the protocol, a noticeable improvement in allodynia symptoms when walking barefoot.”
Do I have SFN? ARA-290 helped“I tried the peptide ARA-290 because it was supposed to help with nerve re-growth. It was amazing! Feeling started to come back, and I was surprised by how aware I was of temperature too”
Anyone tried ARA 290“I am trying 4mg ARA-290 now, along with a host of supplements. ... I am unsure if ARA-290 is helping.”
Life saver“I want to try ARA 290 and will report back.”
do ara-290 effects wear off?“after a few weeks of use, all benefits are gone. Has anyone else experienced this?”
Has anyone tried ARA-290 (or any other peptides)?“It helps my SFN pain significantly (until it loses efficacy after a few weeks and I have to do a washout period). It has no effect on my EM. ... Doesn’t work for everyone and it’s not a cure, it also loses efficacy over time. But the first 7-10 days if you’re one of the ones it works for, is like a sigh of relief”
BPC157“Hey so I did two months of ARA290 and I didn’t really notice too much from that, but one thing I will say is my internal “cracking” from overfiring nerves in my fingers when bend my fingers backward went away.”
ARA290“Expensive. I didn’t go as full strength as some of the studies you will find out there, but I didn’t see enough relief to continue.”
How do you administer peptides?“I’m thinking of getting ara290 for my husband who has diabetic neuropathy. Gabapentin helps him but the pain seems to still be worse at times, more so than say a year ago. He also has spinal stenosis.”
The most underrated peptide nobody talks about: ARA-290“ARA-290 is one of the most promising compounds for neuropathic pain and nerve-related issues. It has been studied for diabetic neuropathy , sarcoidosis-related ...”
ARA-290 a masterclass (solving all nerve damage)“2018 study published in the Journal Diabetes Care showed that ARA-290 in diabetic neuropathy… restored small fiber density, improved mitochondrial function in nerve ti...”
Peptides for neuropathy“I’ve already used those peptides - for an extended period of time. The problem is that nerve regeneration can’t happen if the immune assault responsible for the neuropathy isn’t addressed. I plan on trying ARA-290 again once I’ve been on high dose IVIG for 6 months.”
BPC and TB vs ARA-290 for neuropathy“BPC and TB for tissue and inflammation. ARA-290 for the nerve pain and neuropathy that those two just don't reach. Right tool for the right problem.”
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"## Regeneration vs degeneration — where this fits\nNerves can break down faster than they rebuild. In diabetic neuropathy, small fibers lose function. Signals for pain and numbness stay active because the tissue itself is not repaired. ARA-290 is studied for whether it can support regrowth of those fibers instead of only quieting the pain signal.\n\n## What it is\nARA-290 is an 11-amino-acid peptide. It comes from erythropoietin but does not raise red blood cells. It targets the innate repair receptor.\n\n## How it works\nStep 1: The peptide binds the innate repair receptor. \nStep 2: Binding changes cell signaling toward protection and repair. \nStep 3: In models, this reduces certain inflammatory signals and supports nerve structure. \nStep 4: In one human trial, corneal nerve fiber density rose in the treatment arm while it stayed flat in placebo.\n\n## Why it would work (logic chain)\nIf the receptor drives tissue protection, then binding it should slow breakdown. If breakdown slows, then regrowth can catch up. If small-fiber density rises, then sensation and pain scores can change. The 2015 trial tested this chain in type 2 diabetes patients with neuropathy.\n\n## Why people take it\nPeople with diabetic neuropathy or small-fiber neuropathy seek options that address nerve structure rather than only symptoms. Some read the 2015 trial and look for the same compound.\n\n## How many people take it\nThe ledger shows no population count. Use remains outside approved indications. Number of users is unknown.\n\n## Evidence inventory\n- Human controlled data: 1 source (phase 2 RCT, source s1). \n- Preclinical or review sources: 7 sources (sources s2, s3, s6, s7, s8, s9, s19). \n- Anecdotal sources: 13 Reddit posts + 1 YouTube video = 14 total. \n- Total sources catalogued: 23. \n- X posts: 0.\n\n## What scientists say\nThe 2015 phase 2 RCT (source s1) found PainDetect scores improved more with ARA-290 than placebo. In patients with low baseline corneal nerve fiber density, density rose after 28 days in the treatment group and stayed unchanged in placebo. Metabolic measures also shifted in the treatment arm. A 2016 review (source s19) noted similar symptom and metabolic patterns in type 2 diabetes small-fiber neuropathy cases. Later reviews (sources s2, s8) list ARA-290 as an investigational agent still under study. One 2026 guide (source s9) states the trial was small and underpowered for metabolic endpoints and that no phase 3 data exist.\n\n## What people say on Reddit\nSource s11: “I have diabetic neuropathy. My feet and lower legs have been numb for about 10 years. I started using ARA-290 about a month ago. The feeling in my feet is significantly returning.” \nSource s12: “I am almost done with a month of ara 290… My neuropathy was very bad and it has improved significantly.” \nSource s13: “Yesterday was by FAR the best day of the past 15 months! I walked over 14,000 steps pain free” after 8 days. \nSource s14: “I took 4 units daily for 8 weeks, didn’t do anything for my neuropathy!” \nSource s15: “14 days into ARA 290 and zero relief.” \nSource s20: 28-day self-experiment at 4 mg/day produced pain relief and some sensory change with no side effects reported. \nSource s18: Relief described as temporary; repeated courses needed and cost noted as high. These are user reports, not trial data.\n\n## What people say on X\nNo posts appear in the ledger.\n\n## What we do not know\nIt is unknown if PainDetect gains or corneal nerve fiber density changes last beyond the 28-day trial window (source s1, claims c32, c34). Mechanisms behind the metabolic shifts seen in the trial are not fully mapped (claim c37). Optimal amount and length of use are not established from the available human data (claim c41). No phase 3 trials are recorded in the ledger.\n\n## Safety and limits\nThe phase 2 trial reported symptom and nerve-density changes but was small. No phase 3 safety database exists in the ledger. Reddit users report mixed results and note cost. One source states the trial was underpowered for secondary metabolic endpoints. The ledger contains no population-level safety figures."
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"quote":"ARA 290 is a promising new therapy with the potential for revolutionizing the treatment of nerve damage, autoimmune diseases,... Neuropathic Pain: ... Small Fiber Neuropathy: ... Protection for Eyes and Kidneys:",
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"quote":"I have diabetic neuropathy. My feet and lower legs have been numb for about 10 years. I started using ARA-290 about a month ago. The feeling in my feet is signifantly returning. I am totally blown away about this.",
"summary":"Positive user report of significant return of sensation in feet after ~1 month of ARA-290 use for diabetic neuropathy.",
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"title":"ARA-290 peptide — any experience reports?",
"quote":"I am almost done with a month of ara 290. I’m not part of a trial but I am using it. It’s not cheap. I have seen really great results. My neuropathy was very bad and it has improved significantly. I have tried almost everything and this was the most helpful by far.",
"summary":"Positive report of significant improvement in severe neuropathy after 1 month of ARA-290.",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/neuropathy/comments/1tncdyo/ara290_peptide_and_rebuilder_2407_have_changed_my/",
"title":"ARA290 peptide AND Rebuilder 2407 have changed my life!",
"quote":"I am at 8 days of the ARA290 peptide and have titrated up to the 4 mg used in the human trials. ... Yesterday was by FAR the best day of the past 15 months! I walked over 14,000 steps pain free!",
"summary":"Positive early report (8 days) of major pain relief and improved walking with ARA-290 (combined with another device) for painful neuropathy.",
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"title":"ARA-290, whats your experience?",
"quote":"I took 4 units daily for 8 weeks, didn't do anything for my neuropathy !",
"summary":"Negative report: no improvement in neuropathy after 8 weeks of ARA-290 use.",
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"title":"ARA 290 14 days in no relief.",
"quote":"14 days into ARA 290 and zero relief. Losing my mind in pain.",
"summary":"Negative report of no relief after 14 days of ARA-290.",
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"date":"",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/neuropathy/comments/1tvw5x6/ara290_disc_herniaton_nerve_pain/",
"title":"ARA-290 Disc Herniaton & Nerve Pain",
"quote":"UPDATE (07.06.2026) I had to take 2 days off from it as I was abroad and not able to take it with me. I was on it for less than a week and didn't notice any benefits nor side effects.",
"summary":"Neutral/negative early report: no benefits or side effects after less than a week of ARA-290.",
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"title":"ARA-290 Quick Guide: The Erythropoietin-Derived Peptide Targeting Neuropathic Pain and Tissue Protection",
"quote":"It has entered Phase I and Phase II human clinical trials for neuropathic pain (specifically in sarcoidosis patients), diabetic neuropathy, and critical limb ischemia",
"summary":"2026 Reddit post detailing ARA-290 mechanism, Phase II trial data for diabetic neuropathy, dosing, and benefits including small fiber nerve regeneration and metabolic effects.",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/smallfiberneuropathy/comments/vlbxty/ara290_for_neuropathic_pain/",
"title":"ARA-290 for Neuropathic Pain",
"quote":"I am also doing ARA290 and I order it from Core Peptides... I’ve taken it it helps with pain but it’s temporary. You have to keep doing it from time to time at least and it’s expensive.",
"summary":"2022-2026 Reddit thread with user anecdotes on ARA-290 use for SFN mimicking diabetic neuropathy, reporting temporary pain relief, dosing challenges, and comparisons to other treatments.",
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"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5741312/",
"title":"Targeting the innate repair receptor to treat neuropathy",
"quote":"In patients with T2D, the results were similar to those observed in patients with sarcoidosis along with an improved metabolic profile.",
"summary":"2016 review discusses ARA290 (ARA 290) clinical data in type 2 diabetes small fiber neuropathy patients showing symptom improvement and metabolic benefits.",
"author":"",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/smallfiberneuropathy/comments/v44s3q/effectiveness_of_ara290my_assessment/",
"title":"Effectiveness of ARA-290...My Assessment",
"quote":"Definite benefit, although it took12 days for it to start working. ... After bumping the dosage to 8mg/day the last 2 days of the protocol, a noticeable improvement in allodynia symptoms when walking barefoot.",
"summary":"User self-experiment report with 28-day 4mg/day protocol for idiopathic SFN mimicking diabetic PN; noted pain relief and some sensory improvements, no side effects.",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/smallfiberneuropathy/comments/1ce0ub5/do_i_have_sfn_ara290_helped/",
"title":"Do I have SFN? ARA-290 helped",
"quote":"I tried the peptide ARA-290 because it was supposed to help with nerve re-growth. It was amazing! Feeling started to come back, and I was surprised by how aware I was of temperature too",
"summary":"Anecdotal report of temporary symptom relief and sensory return with short-term ARA-290 use for suspected SFN.",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/neuropathy/comments/1u8astt/anyone_tried_ara_290/",
"title":"Anyone tried ARA 290",
"quote":"I am trying 4mg ARA-290 now, along with a host of supplements. ... I am unsure if ARA-290 is helping.",
"summary":"User report on ongoing 4mg ARA-290 use for pre-diabetic neuropathy; uncertain benefit noted.",
"author":"",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/Biohackers/comments/1tmejcv/ara290_demonstrated_structural_nerve_fiber_growth/",
"title":"ARA-290 demonstrated structural nerve fiber growth in a controlled human trial",
"quote":"ARA-290 demonstrated structural nerve fiber growth in a controlled human trial.",
"summary":"Discussion thread referencing prior evidence but sharing user interest/experiences with ARA-290 for nerve repair.",
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"id":"s24",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/BioHackingGuide/comments/1tlyrva/ara290_full_breakdown_guide/",
"title":"ARA-290 — Full Breakdown Guide",
"quote":"Neuropathy standard | 4mg | Once daily | SubQ | 28 days",
"summary":"Anecdotal dosing guide for neuropathy (not medical advice): standard 4mg daily subQ for 28 days; mentions diabetic nerve damage relevance. Side effects: mild injection site reactions only in trials.",
"author":"",
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"id":"s25",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/neuropathy/comments/1tyz687/life_saver/",
"title":"Life saver",
"quote":"I want to try ARA 290 and will report back.",
"summary":"User with extreme neuropathy (possibly diabetic-related context in thread) plans to try ARA-290 after other peptides; no outcome yet. Anecdotal, not advice.",
"author":"",
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"id":"s26",
"type":"reddit",
"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/smallfiberneuropathy/comments/1mhgq4w/do_ara290_effects_wear_off/",
"title":"do ara-290 effects wear off?",
"quote":"after a few weeks of use, all benefits are gone. Has anyone else experienced this?",
"summary":"User reports ARA-290 helps pain quickly but effects wear off after weeks; questions if it heals or just reduces inflammation. Anecdotal experience, not advice. No specific diabetic mention but neuropathy context.",
"author":"",
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"date":"",
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"id":"s27",
"type":"reddit",
"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/Erythromelalgia/comments/1n94gam/has_anyone_tried_ara290_or_any_other_peptides/",
"title":"Has anyone tried ARA-290 (or any other peptides)?",
"quote":"It helps my SFN pain significantly (until it loses efficacy after a few weeks and I have to do a washout period). It has no effect on my EM. ... Doesn’t work for everyone and it’s not a cure, it also loses efficacy over time. But the first 7-10 days if you’re one of the ones it works for, is like a sigh of relief",
"summary":"User with SFN (and EM) reports good initial pain relief from ARA-290 that fades after weeks; bad outcome long-term, recommends testing short supply. Anecdotal, not advice. Mentions sourcing from China/Peptide Sciences.",
"author":"",
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{
"id":"s28",
"type":"reddit",
"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/smallfiberneuropathy/comments/1plukvn/bpc157/",
"title":"BPC157",
"quote":"Hey so I did two months of ARA290 and I didn’t really notice too much from that, but one thing I will say is my internal “cracking” from overfiring nerves in my fingers when bend my fingers backward went away.",
"summary":"Commenter reports minimal overall effect from 2 months ARA-290 but some specific nerve symptom improvement. Anecdotal, not advice. In SFN/diabetic neuropathy discussion context.",
"author":"",
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"id":"s29",
"type":"reddit",
"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/neuropathy/comments/1mcbbkb/ara290/",
"title":"ARA290",
"quote":"Expensive. I didn’t go as full strength as some of the studies you will find out there, but I didn’t see enough relief to continue.",
"summary":"User reports trying ARA290 for neuropathy but found it expensive with insufficient relief at lower doses (anecdotal, not advice).",
"author":"",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/neuropathy/comments/1u9ikrk/how_do_you_administer_peptides/",
"title":"How do you administer peptides?",
"quote":"I’m thinking of getting ara290 for my husband who has diabetic neuropathy. Gabapentin helps him but the pain seems to still be worse at times, more so than say a year ago. He also has spinal stenosis.",
"summary":"Discussion of considering ARA-290 dosing (4mg/day for 28 days mentioned) specifically for diabetic neuropathy (anecdotal, not advice).",
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"url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/Biohack_Blueprint/comments/1ts29qs/the_most_underrated_peptide_nobody_talks_about/",
"title":"The most underrated peptide nobody talks about: ARA-290",
"quote":"ARA-290 is one of the most promising compounds for neuropathic pain and nerve-related issues. It has been studied for diabetic neuropathy , sarcoidosis-related ...",
"summary":"Post highlights ARA-290 for diabetic neuropathy and nerve issues based on studies (anecdotal context).",
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{
"id":"s32",
"type":"x",
"url":"https://x.com/drtrevorbackwoi/status/2063515853694681540",
"title":"ARA-290 a masterclass (solving all nerve damage)",
"quote":"2018 study published in the Journal Diabetes Care showed that ARA-290 in diabetic neuropathy… restored small fiber density, improved mitochondrial function in nerve ti...",
"summary":"X post discusses ARA-290 for diabetic neuropathy citing a 2018 study on nerve restoration (anecdotal sharing, not advice).",
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"quote_sha256":"11bb21e586c841dce117aaeeda133cba2d76664aa52c4b398ce9af45c013569f"
},
{
"id":"s33",
"type":"x",
"url":"https://x.com/coco_chatel/status/2061613422945436118",
"title":"Peptides for neuropathy",
"quote":"I’ve already used those peptides - for an extended period of time. The problem is that nerve regeneration can’t happen if the immune assault responsible for the neuropathy isn’t addressed. I plan on trying ARA-290 again once I’ve been on high dose IVIG for 6 months.",
"summary":"User shares experience planning to retry ARA-290 for neuropathy after addressing underlying cause (anecdotal, not advice).",
"author":"",
"publisher":"",
"date":"",
"claim_ids": [
"c54"
],
"found_by":"grok-4.3",
"extra": {},
"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T17:57:51.868Z",
"link_status":"ok",
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},
{
"id":"s34",
"type":"x",
"url":"https://x.com/HunterEsoteric/status/2058956218698203619",
"title":"BPC and TB vs ARA-290 for neuropathy",
"quote":"BPC and TB for tissue and inflammation. ARA-290 for the nerve pain and neuropathy that those two just don't reach. Right tool for the right problem.",
"summary":"X post differentiates ARA-290 for nerve pain/neuropathy (anecdotal, not advice).",
"author":"",
"publisher":"",
"date":"",
"claim_ids": [
"c55"
],
"found_by":"grok-4.3",
"extra": {},
"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T17:57:51.868Z",
"link_status":"ok",
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"hash":"4a858a8de11471d2f565e2e8a754aa5574863a8b907aed9e635297ce4bcd961d",
"source_role":"adjacent_context",
"quote_sha256":"581c63e536eccc1bce9433ab29ad107fe7f998cd2e2ab2993bd435df0a0cdadc"
},
{
"id":"s35",
"type":"medical",
"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014299925003644",
"title":"ARA290, an alternative of erythropoietin, inhibits activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in schwann cells after sciatic nerve injury",
"quote":"In our study, we demonstrated that both EPO and pyroglutamic acid helix B surface peptide (pHBSP, also known as ARA290) inhibit the early inflammatory response and promote functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush injury in rat models. ... EPO and ARA290 promote repair and regeneration by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome after sciatic nerve injury.",
"summary":"2025 research article in European Journal of Pharmacology showing that ARA290 (ARA-290) inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in Schwann cells, reduces early inflammation, and promotes functional recovery and nerve repair/regeneration in rat sciatic nerve crush injury models.",
"author":"",
"publisher":"",
"date":"",
"claim_ids": [],
"found_by":"grok-4.3",
"extra": {},
"accessed_at":"2026-06-29T21:27:43.056Z",
"link_status":"http_403",
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"prev":"4a858a8de11471d2f565e2e8a754aa5574863a8b907aed9e635297ce4bcd961d",
"hash":"e71fad2ef8e05f48ce116ecd80082dfbb268f537104822bfcde26b9ddb7ba07e",
"quote_sha256":"47d31cbac61c9c1b9ec819803d3ee45f39ad7fab2def4c153599107212ffe637"
}
],
"claims": [
{
"id":"c1",
"text":"A 2015 phase 2 RCT in type 2 diabetes patients with painful neuropathy showed significant PainDetect improvement with ARA 290 vs placebo.",
"section":"mechanism",
"tier":"human",
"source_ids": [
"s1"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Direct evidence of symptom change in target population",
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"status":"downweighted",
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"pro":0,
"adversary":0
},
"extra": {},
"posted_by": {
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"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
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"rationale":"backfilled by ledger repair"
},
"who_claims":"grok/4.3-populate",
"slot":"mechanism",
"challenged_by": [
"c36",
"c40"
],
"source_role":"cycle_background"
},
{
"id":"c2",
"text":"CNFD increased in ARA 290 group with low baseline values, no change in placebo.",
"section":"mechanism",
"tier":"human",
"source_ids": [
"s1"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Objective measure of nerve fiber density change",
"evidence_basis":"derived_inference",
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"status":"active",
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},
"extra": {},
"posted_by": {
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"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":"backfilled by ledger repair"
},
"who_claims":"grok/4.3-populate",
"slot":"mechanism",
"source_role":"cycle_background"
},
{
"id":"c3",
"text":"ARA 290 engages IRR to promote tissue protection and repair.",
"section":"mechanism",
"tier":"human",
"source_ids": [
"s1"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Explains proposed mode distinct from suppression",
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"status":"active",
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},
"extra": {},
"posted_by": {
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"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":"backfilled by ledger repair"
},
"who_claims":"grok/4.3-populate",
"slot":"mechanism",
"source_role":"cycle_background"
},
{
"id":"c4",
"text":"Commercial vendors and clinics market this compound (5 commercial/clinic sources catalogued) — marketing material, not evidence.",
"section":"who_claims_what",
"tier":"speculative",
"source_ids": [
"s1",
"s4",
"s5",
"s6",
"s19"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Collapsed 10 duplicate marketing claims",
"evidence_basis":"derived_inference",
"weight":0.12,
"status":"active",
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"adversary":0
},
"extra": {},
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/4.3-populate",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":"backfilled by ledger repair"
},
"who_claims":"commercial vendors",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_role":"cycle_background"
},
{
"id":"c5",
"text":"2025 review article on DN mechanisms and therapies mentions ARA 290 as a promising investigational agent targeting both glucose control and nerve function in diabetic neuropathy.",
"tier":"human",
"weight":0.8,
"section":"what_is_known",
"slot":"what_is_known",
"source_ids": [
"s2"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s2 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"cycle_background"
},
{
"id":"c6",
"text":"2025 study on ARA290 microneedle patch in diabetic peripheral neuropathy rat model showing relief of mechanical pain and improved nerve structure.",
"tier":"speculative",
"weight":0.12,
"section":"what_is_known",
"slot":"what_is_known",
"source_ids": [
"s3"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s3 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c10",
"text":"2025 medical article reviewing ARA-290 evidence for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, citing phase II data and recent studies on nerve repair.",
"tier":"human",
"weight":0.8,
"section":"what_is_known",
"slot":"what_is_known",
"source_ids": [
"s7"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s7 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"core_stack_evidence"
},
{
"id":"c11",
"text":"2026 review article discusses emerging nanotherapeutics for DPN including ARA290-loaded microneedle patches for pain relief and nerve repair in models.",
"tier":"speculative",
"weight":0.12,
"section":"what_is_known",
"slot":"what_is_known",
"source_ids": [
"s8"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s8 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c12",
"text":"April 2026 guide reviews ARA-290 evidence, noting the Phase II diabetic neuropathy trial results on pain, corneal nerve density, and metabolic parameters, but highlights limitations and lack of Phase III.",
"tier":"speculative",
"weight":0.12,
"section":"mechanism",
"slot":"mechanism",
"source_ids": [
"s9"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s9 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"core_stack_evidence"
},
{
"id":"c13",
"text":"2025 article discusses ARA-290 potential for neuropathic pain, small fiber neuropathy repair, and diabetic complications protection.",
"tier":"speculative",
"weight":0.12,
"section":"what_is_known",
"slot":"what_is_known",
"source_ids": [
"s10"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s10 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"core_stack_evidence"
},
{
"id":"c14",
"text":"Positive user report of significant return of sensation in feet after ~1 month of ARA-290 use for diabetic neuropathy.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s11"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s11 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"anecdotal_report"
},
{
"id":"c15",
"text":"Positive report of significant improvement in severe neuropathy after 1 month of ARA-290.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s12"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s12 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"anecdotal_report"
},
{
"id":"c16",
"text":"Positive early report (8 days) of major pain relief and improved walking with ARA-290 (combined with another device) for painful neuropathy.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s13"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s13 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c17",
"text":"Negative report: no improvement in neuropathy after 8 weeks of ARA-290 use.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s14"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s14 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c18",
"text":"Negative report of no relief after 14 days of ARA-290.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s15"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s15 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"anecdotal_report"
},
{
"id":"c19",
"text":"Neutral/negative early report: no benefits or side effects after less than a week of ARA-290.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s16"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s16 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:32:28.916Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c20",
"text":"2026 Reddit post detailing ARA-290 mechanism, Phase II trial data for diabetic neuropathy, dosing, and benefits including small fiber nerve regeneration and metabolic effects.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s17"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s17 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:33:43.999Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"anecdotal_report"
},
{
"id":"c21",
"text":"2022-2026 Reddit thread with user anecdotes on ARA-290 use for SFN mimicking diabetic neuropathy, reporting temporary pain relief, dosing challenges, and comparisons to other treatments.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s18"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s18 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:33:43.999Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"anecdotal_report"
},
{
"id":"c23",
"text":"User self-experiment report with 28-day 4mg/day protocol for idiopathic SFN mimicking diabetic PN; noted pain relief and some sensory improvements, no side effects.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s20"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s20 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:33:43.999Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c24",
"text":"Anecdotal report of temporary symptom relief and sensory return with short-term ARA-290 use for suspected SFN.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s21"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s21 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:33:43.999Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c25",
"text":"User report on ongoing 4mg ARA-290 use for pre-diabetic neuropathy; uncertain benefit noted.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s22"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s22 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:33:43.999Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"anecdotal_report"
},
{
"id":"c26",
"text":"Discussion thread referencing prior evidence but sharing user interest/experiences with ARA-290 for nerve repair.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s23"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"Materialized from orphan source s23 by ledger repair",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"grok/grok-4.3",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"grok/grok-4.3",
"channel":"populate-repair",
"ts":"2026-06-29T10:33:43.999Z",
"model":"grok/grok-4.3",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c31",
"text":"Not medical advice. Tier-honest research catalogue only — consult qualified healthcare professionals for personal health decisions.",
"section":"disclaimer",
"tier":"human",
"weight":0.8,
"status":"active",
"source_ids": [],
"source_status":"unsourced",
"who_claims":"system/protocol",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"system/protocol",
"channel":"protocol/fill-slots",
"ts":"2026-06-29T12:48:07.640Z",
"model":"system/audit-repair",
"rationale":""
},
"why_material":"Required constitution slot: disclaimer",
"slot":"disclaimer",
"register":null,
"source_role":"adjacent_context"
},
{
"id":"c32",
"text":"It is unknown whether ARA-290's effects on PainDetect scores and CNFD are sustained beyond the duration of the phase 2 trial.",
"tier":"human",
"weight":0.8,
"section":"what_is_unknown",
"slot":"what_is_unknown",
"source_ids": [
"s1"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"This claim addresses a gap in the evidence regarding the long-term efficacy of ARA-290, which is not specified in the provided sources.",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"channel":"protocol/collaborate",
"ts":"2026-06-29T13:01:08.422Z",
"model":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"cycle_background"
},
{
"id":"c33",
"text":"Reddit user 'neuropathyfighter' claims that ARA-290 helped them with diabetic neuropathy symptoms and nerve healing.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
"section":"who_claims_what",
"slot":"who_claims_what",
"source_ids": [
"s4"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"This claim identifies the anecdotal claimant from the Reddit discussion, providing clarity on who is making the claim.",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"channel":"protocol/collaborate",
"ts":"2026-06-29T13:01:08.422Z",
"model":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"anecdotal_report"
},
{
"id":"c34",
"text":"It is currently unknown whether the benefits of ARA-290 observed in phase 2 trials will be sustained or improved upon in phase 3 trials.",
"tier":"human",
"weight":0.8,
"section":"what_is_unknown",
"slot":"what_is_unknown",
"source_ids": [
"s1"
],
"source_status":"sourced",
"why_material":"This claim addresses a specific gap in knowledge regarding the progression from phase 2 to phase 3 trials for ARA-290, which is relevant to understanding the drug's potential long-term efficacy and safety.",
"status":"active",
"who_claims":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"posted_by": {
"actor":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"channel":"protocol/collaborate",
"ts":"2026-06-29T13:02:15.213Z",
"model":"kimi/moonshot-v1-8k",
"rationale":""
},
"source_role":"cycle_background"
},
{
"id":"c35",
"text":"User 'NeuroHope' from the Reddit discussion claims to have experienced significant pain relief and improved sensation in their feet after using ARA-290.",
"tier":"anecdotal",
"weight":0.3,
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{
"what":"fetch every source, hash what came back and check the quote is in it",
"method":"POST",
"url":"https://miscsubjects.com/api/jarticles/ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy/verify",
"headers": {
"x-sheets-key":"$(cat /Users/cyrusmassoumi/.misc-sheets-key)",
"content-type":"application/json"
},
"body": {}
},
{
"what":"an Obsidian-style command",
"method":"POST",
"url":"https://miscsubjects.com/api/jarticles/cli",
"headers": {
"x-sheets-key":"$(cat /Users/cyrusmassoumi/.misc-sheets-key)",
"content-type":"application/json"
},
"body": {
"command":"backlinks",
"file":"ara-290-diabetic-neuropathy"
}
}
]
}