SCALE INVARIANCE / FRACTALS / ALLOMETRY
SCALE INVARIANCE / FRACTALS / ALLOMETRY
System notes
The length of a coastline is not fixed but scale-dependent, exhibiting a Hausdorff dimension between integer topological dimensions.
Scale invariance is not a metaphor but a geometric signature recurring across lungs, rivers, neurons, and the cosmic web.
At critical points, correlation length diverges to infinity, making all finite length scales irrelevant; only symmetry and dimensionality define the universality class, producing scale invariance.
Metabolic rate scales with body mass to the 3/4 power, not the 2/3 predicted by surface-area logic, across 27 orders of magnitude from mitochondria to whales.
The 3/4 metabolic scaling law is an approximation, not a rigid universal law; small mammals deviate upward and large mammals downward, and alternative geometric explanations (non-fractal) can produce the same exponent.
Self-organized criticality produces power-law avalanche statistics with no characteristic scale, as demonstrated in sandpile models.
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